Constrain dark matter like axions using a Floquet quantum detector
figure. 1. Floquet quantum detector for searching DM like ultra-light axion. (A) As the Earth moves across the Milky Way galaxy, it passes through the DM halo at an average virial velocity v.vir.. (B and C) Floquet detectors are composed of dense populations with spin polarization 129Xe gas that can resonately interact with DMs such as moving axions. Interactions are in the form of anomalous magnetic fields that penetrate the detector shield, which deflects the normal magnetic field. Spin precession is monitored via an in-situ optical magnetometer. 85Rb vapor magnetically driven by a strong Floquet field BF.. Energy level structure of nuclear spin in (D) 129Xe.DM field oscillating near the NMR resonance frequency of oscillating xenon b bDM The net direction of the spin-polarized ensemble can be rotated at an angle θ to drive the collective spin-flip of the ensemble in a coherent way.Xe.. (E) Froque spectrum 85Rb spin dressed up with n RF photons.Polarization set spin flip 85Rb ensemble by xenon field with slow precession (θ)Xeb bXe) When the energy division of Rb is large (f)Rb ≳ ΓRb). For example, absorption of RF photons in a Floquet field during a transition (∣ ↓, n⟩ → ∣ ↑, n -1⟩) is strengthened by the coefficient ηF Compared to the spin flip (∣ ↓⟩ → ∣ ↑ ⟩) without the location drive (n = 0). This transition bridges between large frequency mismatches of electrons (85Rb) and nucleus (129Xe) Spin resonance enables efficient detection at higher frequencies than previously measured. Credit: DOI: 10.1126 / sciadv.abl8919
A team of researchers from several Israeli institutions used Floquet quantum detectors to constrain dark matter such as axions, hoping to reduce their parameter space.In their paper published in the journal Science AdvancesThe group describes their approach to constraining theoretical dark matter particles as a means to learn more about their properties.
Despite years of effort by physicists around the world Dark matter It remains a mystery. Most physicists agree that it exists, but so far no one has been able to prove it.One promising theory that involves the existence of interactions Giant particles It’s starting to lose its luster and some teams are looking for something else. In this new initiative, researchers look for axions, or particles like axions. It is theorized that such dark matter particles are zero spin and can have any number of combinations of mass and interaction strength. The team sought to limit the characteristics of particles such as axions to reduce the number of possible their existence and thereby increase their likelihood of proving their existence.
Researchers used shielded glass cells filled with rubidium-85 and xenon-129 atoms. They fired two lasers at the cell. One is to polarize the electron spin of the rubidium atom and the nuclear spin of xenon, and the other is to measure the change in spin. The experiment was based on the idea that the oscillating field of the axis affects the spin of xenon when xenon is in close proximity.After that, the researchers magnetic field It is sent to cells as a means of blocking xenon spin within a narrow frequency range, allowing it to scan for vibration frequencies that may correspond to a range of particles such as axions.In this scenario, the Floquet field has a frequency Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron paramagnetic resonance, and their experiments fill that gap.
The researchers conducted 3,000 experiments over a five-month period and added them to the NMR field each time.They did not find any signs of dark matter, but limited the upper limit of particle bonds like axions — another step to prove that dark matter. Matter Exists.
Itay M. Bloch et al, a new constraint on dark matter such as axions using the Floquet quantum detector, Science Advances (2022). DOI: 10.1126 / sciadv.abl8919
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Constrain dark matter like axions using a Floquet quantum detector
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